Selection Quick Guide

Type	Application	Example	Notes
if	execute a block of code when a condition is true		statements within curly braces only execute when the expression between the parenthesis evaluates to 1 or true when the expression between the parenthesis evaluates to 0 or false, the block of code is simply skipped you can put anything inside these curly braces this includes more if/else statements (making them "nested")
else if	execute a block of code with mututally exclusive conditions		only one of the paths can execute the first block of code with an expression that evaluates to 1 or true will execute previous blocks with expresions that evaluated to 0 or false were skipped any following blocks beginning with an else will be skipped these are also known as "cascading" if/else statements
else	execute the "leftover" block of code when no conditions are met		these aren't always necessary
switch	execute a block of code based on the value stored in a char or int variable		these do not work for decimal values execution begins immediately after a true case and does not stop until a break; statement or the end omitting the break; statement allows for "fall through" where code under subsequent cases also executes